Sunday, 10 April 2016

Like Enid Blyton 1


I

I hated school. The mid 20th century grammar school system was doing me no good at all. But I had another life.
At the brow of the hill on the road from the Fosse Way to Colston Bassett, on a Friday evening, the deadliness of school sloughed off. I swooped down into the Vale of Belvoir on my 14th birthday bike feeling the wind in my face; elation took hold as the reality of the anticipated weekend was assured. Down there was my planet - freedom, mates, romantic surroundings; weekend self reliance set against the weekday put-downs.
***
When I was 14 our scout group gained the use of a two roomed cottage in the grounds of Colston Bassett Hall in the vale of Belvoir, 10 miles or so from town.
Colston Hall was being used as a Roman Catholic care home for babies and toddlers. No longer needed, the grounds, walled garden and outhouses had lapsed into romantic decay.





This is Colston Hall now, looking beautiful in its new role as apartments. 


The photo comes from the Nottinghamshire History website and you can read more here: http://www.nottshistory.org.uk/Jacks1881/colstonbassett.htm



The Hall and grounds as shown on the 1900 Ordnance Survey map, with the walled garden in the middle of the picture - see



'Our' cottage was built against one wall of a large walled garden, part of a row of lean-to buildings serving a variety of purposes. It was a fascinating place to explore in those days before danger was invented. There were, for instance, two basement furnace houses, extinguished  for half a century, dark and silent. Curiosity and a sense of adventure overcame  apprehension as we tippy-toed down the rotting access ladders. 
Donations of unwanted oddments furnished the place for us - straight backed Victorian chairs, a chest of drawers, a dressing table, odd ornaments and a marble topped washstand which, with a couple of primus stoves, was our cooker.  Three pairs of steel bunk beds were acquired; the bedroom was wallpapered with a random collection of odd rolls. I still have the stuffed owl.

Each room had a french window opening into the garden, shown in the picture above. The tree growing up the wall to the right is a fig tree whose fruit never ripened. 

From the 1900 OS map, showing the cottage and lean-to glasshouse (red arrow), the greenhouses (orange), the 'rose garden' (green) and the campsites (lilac). 
It was only when I studied the 1900 OS map for this post that I realised why the fig tree was there, why the wall had been rendered and why there were bits of gadgetry stuck to it. The map shows that there had been a glasshouse running along it. It was a wide cavity wall, presumably to carry heat from the furnace rooms, so the lean-to glasshouse would in fact have been a hothouse. 















This fits with Leonard Jacks' 1881 description of the horticultural activities of owners G B Davy and Robert Millington Knowles:

From The Great Houses of Nottinghamshire and the County Families by Leonard Jacks, 1881. See  http://www.nottshistory.org.uk/Jacks1881/colstonbassett.htm


II


I paused. Without the rasp of my bow-saw there was silence. The air struck cold as I breathed it in; warmed and exhaled, it hung undispersed. Across the narrow path a high hedge hid the tangled orchard where windfalls, uncollected, decayed softly back into the earth under the brambles. One pink campion stood among the damp brown leavings of last summer. Spider webs glowed in the hedge, illuminated by droplets of the mist which I knew would be laying across the fields on the other side of the wood. Soon the sun would lift it off to reveal a bright October Saturday.

***

At each end of the row was an open-fronted outhouse. One we used for storing Pete the scout-leader's motorbike, our bikes  and larger items of camping kit; the other was where we stored and cut wood for the fire. The narrow path between the buildings and the the old orchard snaked round the end of this one into a more open area we called the rose garden (green arrow on the map). It had obviously been a garden and old roses ran wild over it, escapees perhaps from the decorative arches which straddled the path at intervals.


An arch in the rose garden. Ahead, beyond the fountain is the garden wall, and the chimneys belong to the house which, I think, must be the head gardener's house, 'large enough to accommodate a tolerably influential family', referred to by Leonard Jacks. Now it accommodated Father Nolan.



There was a dried up fountain in the rose garden , and rectangular formal ponds, marshy and clogged. We used spades and yard brushes to scrape clean the terracing around one of them and, in so doing, revealed a flagstone with a metal insert. If this were one of Enid Blyton's Famous Five stories, the metal would be a handle and the flag would be a trapdoor leading to adventure. Knowing that these things only happen in stories we were now too old to read, we nevertheless piggled the metal free from the earth packed round it. We pulled. It slid up four inches to reveal itself as the cross piece of a T-bar. We took hold of it and heaved. The flagstone moved. If we were 8-year-olds we would have been excited by this - we told ourselves, excitedly.

We lifted the flagstone. There was a metal ladder. But there the potential for adventure ended: eighteen inches down, the ladder disappeared into water. Our sense of anticlimax was not great though. This, we felt, was pretty awesome stuff. Like archaeologists, we were uncovering the remains of a disappeared civilisation. So over the next few weekends we scraped slashed and brushed, to reveal the paths and terraces of the old garden. 

And we did find and lift other trapdoors. Then under one of them we were not met by water. The ladder just went down into the dark. We thought carefully for a millisecond about the danger of going down a rusty old ladder into the unknown and rushed off to fetch a torch.

This was real life and I am telling it as it happened so I can't give you ghosts or pirate treasure. At the bottom of the ladder we found water, ankle deep. Crouching under a low roof, we shone the torch around to reveal a space supported by shallow arches - stone or brick, I can't remember - not quite high enough for us to stand fully upright. We advanced through the water. I do hope we had the sense to poke the floor ahead with a stick before stepping on it. 

The place was about the same area as the pond above. We figured out that it must be a storage tank for some kind of circulating fountain arrangement. I think we were probably right. The only remarkable thing about it, apart from the thrill of sploshing about in a spooky place underground, was the presence of many 'stalactites'. These were white, slender, very delicate and up to a metre in length as they hung from the roof. As we reached out and handled the nearest ones they broke instantly; after that we were careful to avoid brushing against them. Teenage boys know about things like stalactites. So we knew they could not be the usual sort, given that the garden was not millions of years old. Discussing it later with the grown ups, we decided that they must have been formed by dissolved chalky stuff precipitating out of dripping water over decades rather than millenia.

There were a few times during my childhood and adolescence when I uncovered the past and stared it in the face. The thrill I felt then is the one I still feel whenever I go about doing History in my more grown up and organised way. I think these occasions seeded my lifelong love of the subject. 


Tuesday, 23 February 2016

The Past is Right Behind Us


We live close to the past. It's right behind us, breathing down our necks. The older I get, the more I realise that.


My grandfather, the son of a migrant from Denmark, was born in Victorian Brixton three years after the first Sherlock Holmes story was published. I was in my thirties when he died. He's the dude on the right in the picture.


Merlin Holland, who is about the same age as me, has just staged a play based on a book written by his grandfather. His grandfather was more famous than mine: Oscar Wilde. The play is The Picture of Dorian Grey. 


Today I've been doing some labouring for P, a bricklayer and friend of mine from childhood. The work we are doing is on his own house, which he built some years ago and which he is now extending. His long and varied career in the construction industry has included small scale spec house building around Nottingham, especially on the eastern side where we have always lived. P's father also built a few houses. And his father did too. In fact I have in my possession a copy of an application by a 19th century family member to build a row of terraced houses in nearby  St Anns Well Road (an area demolished in the 1970's and replaced with council housing).  

At uni I studied the development of working class housing during the epic growth of our cities in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The research for my special study was into the growth of the area in which we were born. So I get a kick out of what P does, and my involvement in it. Small scale operators like P's family played a large part in the exponential growth of British cities at that time.

P's house is part of a little development built in a defunct brickyard, framed by sheer precipices which mark where the quarrying came to a stop. It's fascinating to take an old map for a walk round our area. You soon discover that there are many of these old brickyards, now infilled with housing or work spaces. It's only slightly far-fetched to say that those builders of old dug up the ground they stood on and turned it into the houses so many of us still live in. More exotically, the high quality facing bricks on the Midland Hotel at St Pancras station came from here too.


My daughter and her family live in one of a terrace of five houses built at the beginning of the 20th century. They are built of stone from a quarry across the road which was working until the 1970's. When they moved in I did a little digging into the history of the terrace and its past residents.

 The story of one of the residents of 100 years ago is worth telling at this time. He and his wife had married in 1912, their baby was born later that year, and they moved into the house next door but one to my daughter's. He was 30 years old and doing well: a grocery manager, possibly in the large Co-operative Society store nearby, but I have been unable to confirm this. He could thus afford to rent one of these houses, modest by modern standards, but roomy and substantial by the standards of a hundred years ago.

The rest of the story is tragically quick in the telling. He enlisted in the motorised division of the RASC in 1915. Then, exactly a hundred years ago as I write, in 1916 their second daughter was born. He was killed in East Africa in 1918. His grave is in Tanzania.

I haven't been able to find out what happened to the young mother and her children. Could she continue paying the rent? Could she support her two children? In an age without state support, one hopes her family were able to chip in and that she did not have to be separated from her children. A young family, almost identical to mine who live there now, had had their future wiped out.

Stories like this were utterly commonplace a hundred years ago, and any street of old houses will have them to tell. As someone who has been able to live his life in peace and see his family grow up, I owe compassion and respect to the youngsters of a hundred years ago who never got the chance.






My sources for the above:

  • Dorian Grey: For more about Merlin Holland's production  see:



  • Census records show that the population of England went up from around 9 million in 1801 to 32 million in 1901. In 1801 more people lived in the countryside than in towns or cities. By 1901 the situation was reversed:
'In England and Wales ... 17 per cent of the population in 1801 lived in urban areas (defined as cities of 20,000 or more); by 1851 the figure had risen to 35 per cent; and by 1891 it was 54 per cent. Adopting a broader definition, the entire urban population of England and Wales was 72 per cent in 1891, compared with 37 per cent in France, 41 per cent in Prussia and 28 per cent in the United States. (Hall et a1 1973 : 60).' Quoted in Trends in World Urbanisation, Christopher Watson, Centre for Urban and Regional Studies, The University of Birmingham, UK. The whole thing is here:

  • For more on the censuses see:

http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/census-history/200-years-of-the-census/1801-1901/index.html

Censuses listed the occupants of a house on census night, so if you know an address you can see who was staying there. They are also indexed by name and various other search criteria. Censuses from 1841 to 1911 can be found at


and from there you can also find your way to other records such as Births Deaths and Marriages etc.
  • I also used the ancestry website, http://www.ancestry.co.uk/You have to pay, but there is a free trial period which is useful if you are doing a quick check on just a few people. You can of course sign up for a subscription or, if you don't want to do that, it may be possible to buy credits as needed.

  • I got information regarding the young man who died by checking the local war memorials and the local history section at the County Library. In addition to the sources already described above I went to the website of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission at http://www.cwgc.org

  • A good place to start with the history of housing is with Trevor Yorke's books in the England's Living History series published by Countryside Books. The relevant book here is The Victorian House Explained, at 7.99 from a well known online bookseller.

  • If you are interested in the brickmaking industry of the Mapperly area of Nottingham there is a brilliant book researched and written by Geoffrey Sheard called Clay Stealers to St Pancras. There is a Nottingham Evening Post article based on it here:

http://www.nottinghampost.com/St-Pancras-Station-built-60m-Nottingham-bricks/story-13883837-detail/story.html


  • St Anns Well Road fell victim to the reckless spirit of demolition and replacement prevalent in the 1960's. Those who lived in the area before that time have a lively Facebook community where oral history, images and much more are collected together. Go to:
http://stannswellroad.weebly.com/virtual-walk.html